Marble/Peg solitaire
There are all kinds of board games out there that you’ve probably never heard of. Some of them are quite fun, while others can bore you to a deep sleep. The OP claims that they found this unique-looking board game and had no idea what it was or how to play. Then Reddit came to the rescue.
This board game is called marble or peg solitaire. The center ball is supposed to be left out of the picture. The purpose of this game is to jump each marble with another marble until you’re left with one. If you have more than one non-adjacent marbles on the field, you lose. Bored-game sounds right.